In economics, a Kuznets curve represents graphically the hypothesis advanced by Simon Kuznets in the 1950s and 1960s that as an economy develops, a natural cycle of economic inequality occurs, driven by market forces which at first increase inequality, and then decrease it after a certain average income is attained. One explanation of such a progress suggests that early in development investment opportunities for those who have money multiply, while an influx of cheap rural labor to the cities holds down wages. The Kuznets curve implies that as a nation undergoes industrialization – and especially the mechaniza... Read More...
Various definitions of Asian values have been put forth. Generally, the phrase refers to loyalty towards the family, corporation, and nation; the forgoing of personal freedom for the sake of society's stability and prosperity; and, a strong work ethic together with thrift. Proponents of "Asian values" claim these values are more appropriate for the region than Western democracy with its emphasis on individual freedoms. "Asian values" include: Preference for social harmony Concern with socio-economic prospe... Read More...
Family values are traditional or cultural values (that is, values passed on from generation to generation within families) that pertain to the family’s beliefs, attitudes, and ideals. They are the moral and ethical principles traditionally upheld and transmitted within a family, as honesty, loyalty, industry, and faith. They are values especially of a traditional or conservative kind which are held to promote the sound functioning of the family and to strengthen the fabric of society. "Family values" are values held to be traditionally learned or reinforced within a family, such as those of high moral standards ... Read More...
It is the position that moral or ethical positions do not reflect objective and/or universal moral truths, but instead make claims relative to social, cultural, historical or personal circumstances. It does not deny outright the truth-value or justification of moral statements but affirms relative forms of them. It may be described by the common saying: “When in Rome, do as the Romans do”. Moral Relativists point out that humans are not omniscient, and history is replete with examples of individuals and societies acting in the name of an infallible truth later demonstrated to be more than fallible, so we should be ve... Read More...
Salma Dam, officially the Afghan-India Friendship Dam, is a hydroelectric and irrigation dam project located on the Hari River in Chishti Sharif District of Herat Province in western Afghanistan. The Afghan cabinet renamed the Salma Dam to the Afghan-India Friendship Dam in a move to strengthen relations between the two countries. The hydroelectric plant produces 42 MW of power in addition to providing irrigation for 75,000 hectares of farmland (stabilising the existing irrigation of 35,000 hectares and development of irrigation facilities to an additional 40,000 hectares of land). The dam was opened in June 2016 by Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi&n... Read More...
It is the position that moral or ethical positions do not reflect objective and/or universal moral truths, but instead make claims relative to social, cultural, historical or personal circumstances. It does not deny outright the truth-value or justification of moral statements but affirms relative forms of them. It may be described by the common saying: “When in Rome, do as the Romans do”. Moral Relativists point out that humans are not omniscient, and history is replete with examples of individuals and societies acting in the name of an infallible truth later demonstrated to be more than fallible, so we should be ve... Read More...
.Traditional values refer to those beliefs, moral codes, and mores that are passed down from generation to generation within a culture, subculture or community. "Traditional values" means the values coming from tradition rather than any specific philosopher, moralist, or writer. It can mean the actual values that are claimed or perceived to have remained relatively unchanged for centuries like festivals, beliefs about marriage and family, cuisine etc. The term can also refer to an intention to preserve ancient or traditional customs and values agains... Read More...
Moral rights are rights of creators of copyrighted works which are generally recognized in law. Moral rights are personal rights that connect the creator of a work to their work. They are about being properly named or credited when artiste’s work is used. Moral rights require that artiste’s name is always shown with his work. This is called right of attribution. For example: artiste’s name should always appear next to artwork in an exhibition artiste’s name should always appear in the credits ... Read More...
One, availability of strong technical support to the main implementing agency, the gram panchayat; two, capacities to undertake decentralised planning exercises and creation of a robust shelf of works; three, awareness among MGNREGA work-seekers of their entitlements and procedures under the programme; four, active and vibrant gram sabhas, which debate and decide the works to be undertaken and all procedures related to the programme; five, open and effective social audits that check corruption; six, accountable gram panchayats, where the leadership responds to the legitimate demands and grievances of the people; and seven, a system that ensures timely paymen... Read More...
Article 370 of the Indian Constitution is a 'temporary provision' which grants special autonomous status to Jammu & Kashmir. J&K can have a separate Constitution under it. Under Part XXI of the Constitution of India, which deals with "Temporary, Transitional and Special provisions", the state of Jammu & Kashmir has been accorded special status under Article 370. All the provisions of the Constitution which are applicable to other states are not applicable to J&K. For example, till 1965, J&K had a Sadr-e-Riyasat for governor and prime minister in place of chief minister. According to ... Read More...
Gaia is a space observatory of the European Space Agency (ESA) designed to construct the largest and most precise 3D space catalog ever made totalling approximately 1 billion astronomical objects, mainly stars but also planets, comets, asteroids and quasars among others. The spacecraft will monitor each of its target stars about 70 times over a period of five years to study the precise motion of each star relative to theMilky Way galaxy. This will involve approximately 1% of the Milky Way population . This massive stellar census will provide the data to tackle a wide range of impor... Read More...
Scientists know that a mutation - or alteration - in a particular gene's DNA often results in a certain disease. However, it can be very difficult to develop a test to detect these mutations, because most large genes have many regions where mutations can occur. For example, researchers believe that mutations in the genes BRCA1 and BRCA2 cause as many as 60 percent of all cases of hereditary breast and ovarian cancers. But there is not one specific mutation responsible for all of these cases. Researchers have already discovered over 800 different mutations in BRCA1 alone. The DNA microchip is a new tool used to identify mutations in genes l... Read More...
A real estate investment trust (REIT) is a company that owns, and in most cases, operates income-producing real estate. REITs own commercial real estate. Some REITs also engage in financing real estate. The REITs are similar to mutual funds. REITs can be publicly or privately held. Public REITs may be listed on public stock exchanges. The Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) recently announced guidelines for the creation of real estate investment trusts (REITs) in India. REITs are expected to be operational in 2015. Essentially, REITs will pool money from investors and invest them in income-generating real estate offering them a way t... Read More...
Autoimmune diseases arise from an abnormal immune response of the body against substances and tissues normally present in the body (autoimmunity). This may be restricted to certain organs or involve a particular tissue in different places. A large number of autoimmune diseases are recognized. It has been estimated that autoimmune diseases are among the top ten leading causes of death among women in all age groups up to 65 years. A substantial minority of the population suffers from these diseases, which are often chronic, debilitating, and life-threatening. There are more than 80 illnesses caused by autoimmunity. ... Read More...
One such technology is the magnetic catapult- makes it possible for larger planes to take off from smaller ships. The Electromagnetic Aircraft Launch System (EMALS) is a system under development by the United States Navy. The main advantage is that this system allows for a more graded acceleration, inducing less stress on the aircraft's airframe. Other advantages include lower system weight, lower cost, and decreased maintenance requirements. It also will provide the ability to launch aircraft that are both heavier or lighter than the conventional system can accommodate. In addition the system has limited requirements for fresh water, reducing the need f... Read More...
Bureau of Energy Efficiency (BEE) introduced a new star rating methodology called Indian Seasonal Energy Efficiency Ratio (ISEER) for air conditioners. This evolved rating methodology factors in variance in higher temperature in India and rates air conditioners accordingly. Consumers can now purchase air conditioners with higher efficiency leading to lower electricity bills. Keeping the performance of air conditioners during higher temperature in mind, ISEER will address the different climatic zones in India and higher temperature. ISEER measures energy efficiency of air conditioners based on a weighted average of the performance at outside tempera... Read More...
Microgrid is a small standalone system connected to solar panels which can supply power to about 100 households. In this model, a customer registers with the microgrid owner with a monthly subscription, and the service provider provides him solar power for two lights, a fan and cell phone charging socket. A customer would spend Rs 100. It is cheaper than kerosene and has been growing rapidly. A microgrid costs under Rs 60,000 to set up and the project costs get recovered in three years -- including maintenance, upgrades and other overheads. Households save money each month which helps ensure payments. These micro-economics are sou... Read More...
Adam's Bridge also known as Rama's Bridge or Rama Setu is a chain of limestone shoals, between Pamban Island, also known as Rameswaram Island, off the southeastern coast of Tamil Nadu, India, and Mannar Island, off the northwestern coast of Sri Lanka. Geological evidence suggests that this bridge is a former land connection between India and Sri Lanka. The bridge is 18 miles (30 km) long and separates the Gulf of Mannar (southwest) from the Palk Strait (northeast). Some of the sandbanks are dry and the sea in the area is very shallow, being only 3 ft to 30 ft (1 m to 10 m) deep in places, which hinders navigation. Hindu be... Read More...
Abu Abdallah Muhammad ibn Musa al-Khwarizmi, earlier transliterated as Algoritmi (780 – 850) was a Persian mathematician, astronomer and geographer during the Abbasid Caliphate, a scholar in the House of Wisdom in Baghdad. In the twelfth century, Latin translations of his work on the Indian numerals introduced the decimal positional number system to the Western world. His Compendious Book on Calculation by Completion and Balancing presented the first systematic solution of linear and quadratic equations in Arabic. In Renaissance Europe, he was considered the original inventor of algebra, although it is now known that his work is ba... Read More...
Autoimmune diseases arise from an abnormal immune response of the body against substances and tissues normally present in the body (autoimmunity). This may be restricted to certain organs or involve a particular tissue in different places. A large number of autoimmune diseases are recognized. It has been estimated that autoimmune diseases are among the top ten leading causes of death among women in all age groups up to 65 years. A substantial minority of the population suffers from these diseases, which are often chronic, debilitating, and life-threatening. There are more than 80 illnesses caused by autoimmunity. Read More...